X-ray beam diameter of 10 nanometers.

received a record fine beam of X-rays   
    
 German physicists of the research center DESY got the thinnest and accurately focused beam of X-rays . Synchrotron radiation source PETRA III issued a beam diameter of only ten nanometers.   
    
 To control the X-ray Physics used special optical elements, made on the principle of a Fresnel zone plate . Since ordinary glass for manufacturing X-ray optics is not necessary, scientists created a lens based on a multilayer tungsten wire . The layers were prepared by spraying silicon, and tungsten. The wire is cut in the manufacture of lenses by lateral circular discs , which were a result of the layered ring structure . The number of layers , as the researchers report , reached fifty .   
    
 Rings by layers of different materials having a thickness of only several nanometers. In the fall of X-ray rings were turning them away due to diffraction. At a wavelength of 0,157 nanometers , scientists were able to collect a beam diameter of a few hundred nanometers in diameter spot about ten nanometers.   
    
 X-rays to install PETRA III is due to inhibition of electrons accelerated by a special pre- accelerator. Such radiation is called synchrotron and it is widely used to study the internal structure of various materials to determine the atomic structure of matter , and short bursts of X-rays allow you to monitor the progress of chemical reactions. Reducing the diameter of the X-ray beam increases the sharpness of the image , so the work of scientists has not only theoretical but also practical importance.